1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
2. Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
3. Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
4. Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC
5. Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA.