Global and Regional Burden and Trend of Neoplasms Attributable to Alcohol Consumption in the Past 3 Decades

Abstract

Objectives To provide valuable insights for targeted cancer screening among high-risk patients, we analyzed the global and regional burden of neoplasms resulting from alcohol consumption between 1990 and 2019. Methods The information used in this study was collected from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 dataset. Initially, the database was used to extract details of mortality rates, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and the number of individuals affected by alcohol-related neoplasms (ARNs). Subsequently, the data were compared by cancer type, sex, age, region, and sociodemographic index. Furthermore, the study involved the calculation and comparison of estimated annual percentage changes in age-standardized DALYs rates (ASDRs) and mortality rates. Results The impact of alcohol on the burden of cancer varied by type of cancer, sex, age, and geographical location. Notably, males exhibited significantly higher ASDRs compared with females. Specifically, in 2019, alcohol emerged as the primary contributor to the number of DALYs associated with esophageal cancer, followed by liver cancer and colorectal cancer in men. Patients aged 50+ years exhibited a heightened rate of DALYs associated with ARNs. From 1990 to 2019, ASDRs among individuals with ARNs did not exhibit a decline in low-middle and low sociodemographic index regions. Conclusions Alcohol consumption represents a significant risk factor for the burden of cancer, particularly within the realm of digestive system malignancies. Consequently, targeted cancer screening efforts should be directed toward the population that engages in alcohol drinking, with a particular focus on men aged 50 years and older, residing in economically disadvantaged areas.