Investigation of the Effect of Local and Systemic Preoperative Dexamethasone Application on Bone Tissue Healing in Mandibular Bone Defects

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of locally and systemically delivered single-dose corticosteroid injections on bone tissue. Study Design: A total of 84 Wistar albino rats were divided into 2 groups as local and systemic injection groups, and 2 groups as control and experiment among themselves. Before the procedure, dexamethasone was given to the experimental group and physiological saline was given to the control group. A defect was created in the jawbone. It was sacrificed on the third, seventh, and 40th days. The mandible bones of the sacrificed rats were removed and the healing of the bone tissue was examined histopathologically. Results: No significant difference was observed in the tissue sections of the subjects sacrificed after 40 days. However, the increase in fibroblastic connective tissue and the number of osteoblasts were less in the experimental local groups that were sacrificed after 7 days compared with the control groups (P=0.040 and 0.041). Again, it was determined that there was a statistically significant decrease in the experimental local group compared with the experimental systemic group (P=0.040 and 0.004). Conclusions: It can be said that single-dose corticosteroid applications cause a delay in bone healing in the early period.