Physical activity, inactivity and sleep in older patients with coronary artery disease following percutaneous coronary intervention: a longitudinal, observational study

Abstract

Objectives Physical activity presents an important cornerstone in the management and care of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and research in older patients continues to be overlooked. This study evaluated differences in physical activity, inactivity and sleep of CAD patients following PCI for acute coronary syndrome consisting of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) and elective admission of stable angina patients over 12 months. Methods This was an observational, longitudinal study. Fifty-eight patients were recruited (STEMI, n = 20, NSTEMI, n = 18 and stable angina, n = 20) and completed 7-day monitoring (physical activity, inactivity and sleep) using wrist-worn tri-axial accelerometers (GENEActiv, ActivInsights Ltd, Kimbolton, Cambridgeshire, UK) upon discharge from a tertiary centre and repeated measurements at 3 months (n = 43), 6 months (n = 40) and 12 months (n = 33). Results Following PCI, CAD patients showed a general trend of increasing light and moderate-vigorous physical activity over the 12-month follow-up. Time in inactivity remained high but decreased over time. Sleep duration and sleep efficiency remained consistent. NSTEMI patients spent less time asleep, more time inactive and less time in light and moderate-vigorous physical activity in comparison to STEMI and stable angina patients. Differences between the groups over time were minimal. Conclusion These findings suggest that older patients with CAD spend long periods in inactivity but the increasing trend of both light and moderate-vigorous physical activity over time presents a positive change in behaviour in the year following PCI.