Predictors of care discontinuity in geriatric trauma patients

Abstract

BACKGROUND Readmission to a non–index hospital, or care discontinuity, has been shown to have worse outcomes among surgical patients. Little is known about its effect on geriatric trauma patients. Our goal was to determine predictors of care discontinuity and to evaluate its effect on mortality in this geriatric population. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of Medicare inpatient claims (2014–2015) of geriatric trauma patients. Care discontinuity was defined as readmission within 30 days to a non–index hospital. Demographic and clinical characteristics (including readmission diagnosis category) were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of care discontinuity and to assess its association with mortality. RESULTS We included 754,313 geriatric trauma patients. Mean age was 82.13 years (SD, 0.50 years), 68% were male and 91% were White. There were 21,615 (2.87%) readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Of these, 34% were readmitted to a non–index hospital. Overall 30-day mortality after readmission was 25%. In unadjusted analysis, readmission to index hospitals was more likely to be due to surgical infection, GI complaints, or cardiac/vascular complaints. After adjusted analysis, predictors of care discontinuity included readmission diagnoses, patient- and hospital-level factors. Care discontinuity was not associated with mortality (OR, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.86–1.01). CONCLUSION More than a third of geriatric trauma patients are readmitted to a non–index hospital, which is driven by readmission diagnosis, travel time and hospital characteristics. However, unlike other surgical settings, this care discontinuity is not associated with increased mortality. Further work is needed to understand the reasons for this and to determine which standardized processes of care can benefit this population. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level IV.