The effect of training using an upper limb rehabilitation robot (HEXO-UR30A) in chronic stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Upper limb robotic rehabilitation can be beneficial to the patients when applied appropriately. HEXO-UR30A is a novel exoskeletal type upper limb rehabilitation robot that provides continuous passive motion to the shoulder joint. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of HEXO-UR30A on the patient’s functional change, spasticity, and range of motion (ROM). Methods: We included stroke patients with upper limb hemiparesis of age > 19 years with spasticity grading of modified Ashworth scale < 3 and Brunnstrom recovery stage ≥ 4. The efficacy of the robot was investigated based on a rehabilitation program for 3 weeks. Patient’s functions were compared before vs after treatment and between the HEXO group vs control. We conducted the Fugl–Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity, modified Barthel index, modified Ashworth scale, ROM, and Motricity Index upper limb. Patients’ satisfaction was evaluated using a questionnaire after every 10 sessions of training. Results: In the HEXO group, the Fugl–Meyer assessment for shoulder improved significantly (P value = .006*) compared with the control group (P value = .075). Both groups showed significant improvement (P value < .05) in Motricity Index upper limb after treatment. There were some improvements in the passive and active ROM. Patients in the HEXO group reported high satisfaction with upper limb rehabilitation. Conclusion: These results show that HEXO-UR30A can improve functional ability in chronic stroke patients. Moreover, the high satisfaction in patients might promote active involvement in upper limb rehabilitation.