A case report of paraneoplastic bullous pemphigoid associated with mantle cell lymphoma: A rare presentation

Abstract

Rationale: We report a rare case of paraneoplastic bullous pemphigoid associated with mantle cell lymphoma. Patients concerns: The patient presented with 5 months’ history of generalized skin itchiness, night sweat and loss of weight. The skin manifestations started over the foot and hand area. However, he started to developed tense blisters over the face, trunk and limbs 3 days prior to this admission. Diagnoses: The skin biopsy report showed subepidermal bullae, in which the immunofluorescence findings in keeping with bullous pemphigoid. The peripheral blood immunophenotyping was suggestive of mantle cell lymphoma. Hence, a diagnosis of paraneoplastic bullous pemphigoid associated with mantle cell lymphoma was made. Interventions: The patient was initiated with a cytoreduction chemotherapy. Outcomes: Unfortunately, patient’s condition deteriorated further due to neutropenic sepsis and he succumbed after 2 weeks of intensive care. Lessons: Bullous pemphigoid associated with mantle cell lymphoma are very rare. The presentation of bullous pemphigoid led to the detection of mantle cell lymphoma. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is crucial in managing this aggressive type of the disease. Both, bullous pemphigoid and mantle cell lymphoma had a parallel clinical course which suggests a paraneoplastic phenomenon in this reported case.