Proper position of single and large (≥5 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the proper position of single large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system. The data were collected from the nationwide multicentre database of the Korean Liver Cancer Association. Patients with single large (≥5 cm) HCC were separated from BCLC stage A patients and designated as Group X. The remaining BCLC stage A and stage B patients were classified as Group A and Group B, respectively. The survival outcomes of propensity score-matched groups were compared. Among the 3965 randomly selected patients, the number of patients in Group X, Group A, and Group B was 414, 2787, and 760, respectively. TriMatch analysis allowed us to obtain 116 well-balanced triplets. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates in Group X were worse than in Group A (91%, 71%, and 48% vs 90%, 78%, and 64%, respectively; P < .000). However, the rates were not different compared with those in Group B (91%, 71%, and 48% vs 90%, 69%, and 48%, respectively; P < .09). In multivariate analysis, Group X, Group B, age over 60 years, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, and creatinine level were independent predictors of worse overall survival. Our findings suggest that Group X should be relocated to BCLC stage B rather than BCLC stage A.