Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in myocardial infarction

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: Cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with myocardial infarction were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and Technology Journal database. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to score the quality of the included literature in the cohort and case-control studies, and the cross-sectional studies were scored using the American Agency for Health Care Quality and Research cross-sectional study quality evaluation criteria. The literature was screened independently by 2 researchers, and if there was no consensus, the inclusion was decided by a third party. The extraction content included first author, publication year, sample size, PTSD assessment tool, PTSD assessment time, PTSD incidence, influencing factors, and study type. Meta-analysis of data was performed using Stata17.0 software. Results: Ten studies were included, including 2 cohort studies, 7 cross-sectional studies, and 1 case-control study, with a total sample size of 2371 patients, including 26 influencing factors. The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of PTSD in patients with myocardial infarction was 21.2%. Statistically significant influencing factors were gender (odd ratio [OR] = 3.124), neuroticism score (OR = 2.069), and age (OR = 0.913). Conclusions: The prevalence of PTSD in patients with myocardial infarction in China is higher than that in other countries. Female and neurotic personality are risk factors for developing PTSD in patients with myocardial infarction, and old age is protective factor for developing PTSD in patients with myocardial infarction. Targeted measures should be taken to prevent and reduce the occurrence and development of PTSD in patients with myocardial infarction in the future.