Association between financial hardship and psychological burden and the role of social and mental health support: An observational study

Abstract

We aimed to assess the association between medical financial hardship and psychological burden and the moderating role of social and mental health support. 2021 United States National Health Interview Survey was used. Financial hardship was defined as having financial worry, material hardship, or cost-related care nonadherence. Psychological burden was measured using perceived general health status, satisfaction with life, and serious psychological distress (SPD). Of 29,370 included adults, 49% experienced financial hardship in the last 12 months. Financial hardship was associated with a higher psychological burden (odds ratio [OR], 3.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.43–5.47 for SPD). Eleven percent received counseling/therapy from mental health professionals, and 90% had experienced frequent social support. Frequent social support was associated with lower financial hardship (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.63–0.80) and psychological burden (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.19–0.42 for SPD). Previous mental health support was associated with higher financial hardship (OR,1.40; 95% CI, 1.28–1.54) and psychological burden (OR, 9.75; 95% CI, 6.97–13.94 for SPD). Those experiencing financial hardship had lower odds of SPD if they received mental health support in the last 12 months (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.39–0.85). Future interventions should also focus on improving social support and mental health for patients as a way of mitigating medical financial hardship.