Factors influencing the prognosis of patients with cardiogenic shock treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Cardiogenic shock is a clinical syndrome caused by primary heart disease that results in decreased cardiac output and insufficient systemic perfusion. A study was conducted to determine what factors affect survival in patients with cardiogenic shock treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods: A systematic search was conducted across various databases, including CKNI, VIP, Wan Fang, CBM, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases, to gather factors linked to the prognosis of patients with cardiogenic shock who underwent ECMO treatment. The search period for each database was set to conclude on April 30, 2024. Results: The findings suggest that, in comparison to the death group, the lactic acid levels of the survival group after treatment were significantly lower (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.79, −0.58). In addition, the creatinine levels of the survival group after treatment were also significantly lower than those of the death group (95% CI: −0.39, −0.14). Furthermore, the troponin levels in the survival group after treatment were lower than those in the death group (95% CI: −0.32, 0.04), and the total bilirubin levels in the survival group after treatment were also lower than those in the death group (95% CI: −0.62, −0.23). Conclusions: According to the study, total bilirubin, creatinine, and lactic acid levels were lower in the survival group than in the death group when ECMO was used to treat cardiogenic patients, suggesting a better prognosis for patients with cardiogenic shock. Therefore, total bilirubin, creatinine, and lactic acid could be influential factors in the prognosis of survival in patients with cardiogenic shock.