Comparison of Fibroscan, Shear Wave Elastography, and Shear Wave Dispersion Measurements in Evaluating Fibrosis and Necroinflammation in Patients Who Underwent Liver Biopsy

Abstract

Objective Our aim was to predict these stages of hepatic fibrosis and necroinflammation using measurements from two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE), transient elastography (Fibroscan, TE), and shear wave dispersion (SWD). Materials and Methods In this prospectively designed study, chronic liver patients with nonspecific etiology whose biopsy was performed for up to 1 week were included. Two-dimensional SWE, SWD, and TE measurements were performed. The METAVIR and F-ISHAK classification was used for histopathological evaluation. Results Two-dimensional SWE and TE were considered significant for detecting hepatic fibrosis. In distinguishing ≥F2, for 2D-SWE, area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) was 0.86 (confidence interval [CI], 0.75–0.96) for the cutoff value of 8.05 kPa (P = 0.003); for TE, AUROC was 0.79 (CI, 0.65–0.94) for the cutoff value of 10.4 kPa (P < 0.001). No significance was found for TE in distinguishing ≥F3 (P = 0.132). However, for 2D-SWE, a cutoff value of 10.45 kPa (P < 0.001), with AUROC = 0.87 (CI, 0.78–0.97) was determined for ≥F3. Shear wave dispersion was able to determine the presence of necroinflammation (P = 0.016) and a cutoff value of 15.25 (meter/second)/kiloHertz ([m/s]/kHz) (P = 0.006) and AUROC of 0.71 (CI, 0.57–0.85) were calculated for distinguishing ≥A2. In addition, a cutoff value of 17.25 (m/s)/kHz (P = 0.023) and AUROC = 0.72 (CI, 0.51–0.93) were found to detect severe necroinflammation. The cutoff value for SWD was 15.25 (m/s)/kHz (P = 0.013) for detecting ≥A2 in the reversible stage of fibrosis (F0, F1, and F2), and AUROC = 0.72 (CI, 0.56–0.88). Conclusions Two-dimensional SWE and TE measurements were significant in detecting the irreversible stage and the stage that should be treated in hepatic fibrosis noninvasively. Shear wave dispersion measurements were significant in detecting necroinflammation noninvasively.