Prediction of the Labrum Shape in Patients With Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Based on Pelvic Radiography

Abstract

Background: The shape of the labrum is strongly correlated with outcomes of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the generally preferred imaging technique for observing the labrum. Purpose: We aimed to find a correlation between the labrum shape and anterior–posterior (AP) pelvic measurements in children with DDH. Methods: Preoperative AP pelvic x-ray radiographs and MRI of patients with DDH from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected and divided into three groups by labrum shape on MRI: everted, partly inverted, and inverted. The acetabular length ratio (RAL) in patients with unilateral DDH and the ratio of acetabular length to interpedicular distance (RALI) in all patients were calculated. T-tests were used to analyze differences between the groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed between the everted group and the partly inverted and inverted groups. Results: We found significant differences in RAL between the everted and partly inverted groups, everted and inverted groups, and everted and combined groups. The ROC analysis showed that the best cutoff value for RAL was 0.945 between the everted and combined groups, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 88.4%. The sensitivity at the best RAL value was 0.783, and the specificity was 0.887. Moreover, we observed a significant difference in RALI between the everted, partly inverted, and inverted groups, as well as between the everted and combined groups. The optimal cutoff value for RALI between the everted and combined groups was 0.575, with an AUC of 74.5%. The sensitivity at the best RALI value was 0.765, and the specificity was 0.674. Conclusion: The RAL or RALI values on pelvic AP radiographs can be used to predict the shape of the labrum. Level of Evidence: III.