Enjoy or quit: impact of coffee on cardiac and metabolic health

Abstract

Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide. The effects of coffee on the body are primarily attributed to its key active ingredient, caffeine, a methylxanthine derivative with stimulant effects. However, coffee contains over one hundred bioactive compounds apart from caffeine, such as phenolic compounds, chlorogenic acids, tannin, thiamin, spermidine, quinides, trigonelline, lignins, and minerals like potassium and magnesium, all of which may contribute to its effects on the body. Each of these compounds may have beneficial effects. A common misconception is that coffee consumption should be avoided, especially by those with cardiovascular problems. However, recent data support the safety of moderate habitual consumption of two to three cups of coffee per day. Furthermore, this moderate regular consumption is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality, lower blood pressure, and improved metabolic state. Many recent studies report additional medical benefits associated with coffee consumption. In this article, we review recent literature on the cardiometabolic effects of regular coffee drinking, including its impact on cardiac arrhythmia, blood pressure, and glucose and lipid metabolism. To sum up the medical evidence in the literature, individuals who drink modest amounts of coffee should feel comfortable continuing to enjoy it, provided they do not experience adverse effects.