PI3Kγ inhibition circumvents inflammation and vascular leak in SARS-CoV-2 and other infections

Author:

Shepard Ryan M.1ORCID,Ghebremedhin Anghesom1ORCID,Pratumchai Isaraphorn2ORCID,Robinson Sally R.34ORCID,Betts Courtney5,Hu Jingjing6,Sasik Roman7ORCID,Fisch Kathleen M.78ORCID,Zak Jaroslav2ORCID,Chen Hui1,Paradise Marc1,Rivera Jason1,Amjad Mohammad1,Uchiyama Satoshi9,Seo Hideya9ORCID,Campos Alejandro D.6ORCID,Dayao Denise Ann3ORCID,Tzipori Saul3,Piedra-Mora Cesar10ORCID,Das Soumita6ORCID,Hasteh Farnaz6,Russo Hana6ORCID,Sun Xin9ORCID,Xu Le9ORCID,E. Alexander Laura Crotty11ORCID,Duran Jason M.11ORCID,Odish Mazen11ORCID,Pretorius Victor12ORCID,Kirchberger Nell C.5ORCID,Chin Shao-ming1ORCID,Von Schalscha Tami6ORCID,Cheresh David6ORCID,Morrey John D.13,Alargova Rossitza14,O’Connell Brenda14,Martinot Theodore A.14ORCID,Patel Sandip P.15,Nizet Victor916ORCID,Martinot Amanda J.3410ORCID,Coussens Lisa M.517ORCID,Teijaro John R.2ORCID,Varner Judith A.16ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

2. Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

3. Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.

4. New England Regional Biosafety Laboratory, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.

5. Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.

6. Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

7. Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

8. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

9. Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

10. Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Section of Pathology, Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.

11. Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

12. Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

13. Institute for Antiviral Research, Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.

14. Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

15. Department of Medicine/Medical Oncology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

16. Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

17. Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.

Abstract

Virulent infectious agents such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) induce tissue damage that recruits neutrophils, monocyte, and macrophages, leading to T cell exhaustion, fibrosis, vascular leak, epithelial cell depletion, and fatal organ damage. Neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages recruited to pathogen-infected lungs, including SARS-CoV-2–infected lungs, express phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ), a signaling protein that coordinates both granulocyte and monocyte trafficking to diseased tissues and immune-suppressive, profibrotic transcription in myeloid cells. PI3Kγ deletion and inhibition with the clinical PI3Kγ inhibitor eganelisib promoted survival in models of infectious diseases, including SARS-CoV-2 and MRSA, by suppressing inflammation, vascular leak, organ damage, and cytokine storm. These results demonstrate essential roles for PI3Kγ in inflammatory lung disease and support the potential use of PI3Kγ inhibitors to suppress inflammation in severe infectious diseases.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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