1. Earth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
2. Raincoast Conservation Foundation, P.O. Box 2429, Sidney, British Columbia V8L 3Y3, Canada.
3. Hakai Institute, P.O. Box 309, Heriot Bay, British Columbia V0P 1H0, Canada.
4. Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 30A Science Hall, 550 North Park Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
5. Department of Geography, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada.