Upward propagation of gigantic jets revealed by 3D radio and optical mapping-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Upward propagation of gigantic jets revealed by 3D radio and optical mapping

Published:2022-08-05 Issue:31 Volume:8 Page:
ISSN:2375-2548
Container-title:Science Advances
language:en
Short-container-title:Sci. Adv.

Author:

Boggs Levi D.¹^ORCID,Mach Doug²^ORCID,Bruning Eric³^ORCID,Liu Ningyu⁴^ORCID,van der Velde Oscar A.⁵^ORCID,Montanyá Joan⁵,Cummer Steve⁶^ORCID,Palivec Kevin⁷,Chmielewski Vanna⁸⁹^ORCID,MacGorman Don⁸^ORCID,Peterson Michael¹⁰

Affiliation:

1. Severe Storms Research Center, Sensors and Electromagnetic Applications Lab, Georgia Tech Research Institute, Smyrna, GA, USA.

2. Science and Technology Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Huntsville, AL, USA.

3. Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.

4. Department of Physics and Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.

5. Lightning Research Group, Electrical Engineering Department, Politécnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain.

6. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

7. Hawley, TX, USA.

8. Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research Operations, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.

9. NOAA/OAR National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, OK, USA.

10. ISR-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.

Abstract

Occasionally, lightning will exit the top of a thunderstorm and connect to the lower edge of space, forming a gigantic jet. Here, we report on observations of a negative gigantic jet that transferred an extraordinary amount of charge between the troposphere and ionosphere (∼300 C). It occurred in unusual circumstances, emerging from an area of weak convection. As the discharge ascended from the cloud top, tens of very high frequency (VHF) radio sources were detected from 22 to 45 km altitude, while simultaneous optical emissions (777.4 nm OI emitted from lightning leaders) remained near cloud top (15 to 20 km altitude). This implies that the high-altitude VHF sources were produced by streamers and the streamer discharge activity can extend all the way from near cloud top to the ionosphere. The simultaneous three-dimensional radio and optical data indicate that VHF lightning networks detect emissions from streamer corona rather than the leader channel, which has broad implications to lightning physics beyond that of gigantic jets.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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