Quantum thermodynamics with a single superconducting vortex

Author:

Foltyn Marek1ORCID,Norowski Konrad1ORCID,Savin Alexander2ORCID,Zgirski Maciej1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aleja Lotnikow 32/46, Warsaw PL 02668, Poland.

2. QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto FI-00076, Finland.

Abstract

We demonstrate complete control over dynamics of a single superconducting vortex in a nanostructure, which we coin the Single Vortex Box. Our device allows us to trap the vortex in a field-cooled aluminum nanosquare and expel it on demand with a nanosecond pulse of electrical current. Using the time-resolving nanothermometry we measure 4 · 10 - 19 joules as the amount of the dissipated heat in the elementary process of the single-vortex expulsion. Our experiment enlightens the thermodynamics of the absorption process in the superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, in which vortices are perceived to be essential for a formation of a detectable hotspot. The demonstrated opportunity to manipulate a single superconducting vortex reliably in a confined geometry comprises a proof of concept of a nanoscale nonvolatile memory cell with subnanosecond write and read operations, which offers compatibility with quantum processors based either on superconducting qubits or on rapid single-flux quantum circuits.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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