Digital selective transformation and patterning of highly conductive hydrogel bioelectronics by laser-induced phase separation

Author:

Won Daeyeon12ORCID,Kim Jin34ORCID,Choi Joonhwa12,Kim HyeongJun5,Han Seonggeun12,Ha Inho12,Bang Junhyuk12,Kim Kyun Kyu12,Lee Youngseok12,Kim Taek-Soo5,Park Jae-Hak3,Kim C-Yoon4ORCID,Ko Seung Hwan126ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Soft Robotics Research Center, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

2. Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

3. Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

4. College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.

5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.

6. Institute of Advanced Machines and Design/Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

The patterning of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hydrogels with excellent electrical property and spatial resolution is a challenge for bioelectronic applications. However, most PEDOT:PSS hydrogels are fabricated by conventional manufacturing processes such as photolithography, inkjet printing, and screen printing with complex fabrication steps or low spatial resolution. Moreover, the additives used for fabricating PEDOT:PSS hydrogels are mostly cytotoxic, thus requiring days of detoxification. Here, we developed a previously unexplored ultrafast and biocompatible digital patterning process for PEDOT:PSS hydrogel via phase separation induced by a laser. We enhanced the electrical properties and aqueous stability of PEDOT:PSS by selective laser scanning, which allowed the transformation of PEDOT:PSS into water-stable hydrogels. PEDOT:PSS hydrogels showed high electrical conductivity of 670 S/cm with 6-μm resolution in water. Furthermore, electrochemical properties were maintained even after 6 months in a physiological environment. We further demonstrated stable neural signal recording and stimulation with hydrogel electrodes fabricated by laser.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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