Macroscopic x-ray powder diffraction imaging reveals Vermeer’s discriminating use of lead white pigments in Girl with a Pearl Earring

Author:

De Meyer S.1ORCID,Vanmeert F.1ORCID,Vertongen R.1ORCID,Van Loon A.23ORCID,Gonzalez V.24ORCID,Delaney J.5ORCID,Dooley K.5ORCID,Dik J.4,Van der Snickt G.16ORCID,Vandivere A.3,Janssens K.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. AXES, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.

2. Conservation and Science Department, Ateliergebouw Rijksmuseum, Museumstraat 1, 1071 XX Amsterdam, Netherlands.

3. Paintings Conservation, Mauritshuis, Plein 29, 2511 CS The Hague, Netherlands.

4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.

5. National Gallery of Art, Constitution Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20565, USA.

6. Conservation Studies, University of Antwerp, Blindestraat 9, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium.

Abstract

Different types of lead white used by Vermeer in Girl with a Pearl Earring are quantified by macroscopic x-ray powder diffraction.

Funder

Interreg

FWO

GOA project "Solarpaint" of the University of Antwerp

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference36 articles.

1. J. Wadum Contours of Vermeer in Vermeer Studies I. Gaskell M. Jonker Eds. (Studies in the History of Art National Gallery of Art 1998) pp 201–223.

2. M. Gifford Painting light: Recent observations on Vermeer’s technique in Vermeer Studies I. Gaskell M. Jonker Eds. (Studies in the History of Art National Gallery of Art 1998) pp 184–199.

3. Lead White;Gettens R. J.;Stud. Conserv.,1967

4. R. Harley Artists Pigments c. 1600–1835: A Study in English Documentary Sources (Butterworth Scientific ed. 2 1982).

5. Investigation of white pigments used as make-up during the Greco-Roman period;Welcomme E.;Appl. Phys. A.,2006

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