Crossing nerve transfer drives sensory input–dependent plasticity for motor recovery after brain injury

Author:

Gao Zhengrun1ORCID,Pang Zhen1,Lei Gaowei1,Chen Yiming1,Cai Zeyu1ORCID,Zhu Shuai1,Lin Weishan1ORCID,Qiu Zilong23ORCID,Wang Yizheng2ORCID,Shen Yundong124ORCID,Xu Wendong12456ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

2. The National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

3. Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

4. Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Jing‘an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

5. Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

6. State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Restoring limb movements after central nervous system injury remains a substantial challenge. Recent studies proved that crossing nerve transfer surgery could rebuild physiological connectivity between the contralesional cortex and the paralyzed arm to compensate for the lost function after brain injury. However, the neural mechanism by which this surgery mediates motor recovery remains still unclear. Here, using a clinical mouse model, we showed that this surgery can restore skilled forelimb function in adult mice with unilateral cortical lesion by inducing cortical remapping and promoting corticospinal tract sprouting. After reestablishing the ipsilateral descending pathway, resecting of the artificially rebuilt peripheral nerve did not affect motor improvements. Furthermore, retaining the sensory afferent, but not the motor efferent, of the transferred nerve was sufficient for inducing brain remapping and facilitating motor restoration. Thus, our results demonstrate that surgically rebuilt sensory input triggers neural plasticity for accelerating motor recovery, which provides an approach for treating central nervous system injuries.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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