A case for a binary black hole system revealed via quasi-periodic outflows-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

A case for a binary black hole system revealed via quasi-periodic outflows

Published:2024-03-29 Issue:13 Volume:10 Page:
ISSN:2375-2548
Container-title:Science Advances
language:en
Short-container-title:Sci. Adv.

Author:

Pasham Dheeraj R.¹^ORCID,Tombesi Francesco²³⁴⁵⁶^ORCID,Suková Petra⁷^ORCID,Zajaček Michal⁸,Rakshit Suvendu⁹^ORCID,Coughlin Eric¹⁰^ORCID,Kosec Peter¹¹¹,Karas Vladimír⁷^ORCID,Masterson Megan¹^ORCID,Mummery Andrew¹²,Holoien Thomas W.-S.¹³^ORCID,Guolo Muryel¹⁴,Hinkle Jason¹⁵,Ripperda Bart¹⁶¹⁷¹⁸^ORCID,Witzany Vojtěch¹⁹^ORCID,Shappee Ben¹⁵^ORCID,Kara Erin¹,Horesh Assaf²⁰^ORCID,van Velzen Sjoert²¹^ORCID,Sfaradi Itai²⁰,Kaplan David²²^ORCID,Burger Noam²⁰²³^ORCID,Murphy Tara¹¹²⁴^ORCID,Remillard Ronald¹^ORCID,Steiner James F.²⁵^ORCID,Wevers Thomas²⁶,Arcodia Riccardo¹^ORCID,Buchner Johannes²⁷^ORCID,Merloni Andrea²⁷^ORCID,Malyali Adam²⁷^ORCID,Fabian Andy²⁸^ORCID,Fausnaugh Michael¹^ORCID,Daylan Tansu²⁹^ORCID,Altamirano Diego³⁰^ORCID,Payne Anna¹⁵^ORCID,Ferraraa Elizabeth C.⁵⁶³¹^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

2. Physics Department, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.

3. INAF Astronomical Observatory of Rome, Via Frascati 33, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.

4. INFN—Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.

5. Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

6. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.

7. Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.

8. Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.

9. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Manora Peak, Nainital, 263002, India.

10. Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.

11. Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.

12. Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

13. The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara St., Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.

14. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

15. Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.

16. School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, 1 Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.

17. NASA Hubble Fellowship Program, Einstein Fellow, Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

18. Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA.

19. Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.

20. Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.

21. Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.

22. University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA.

23. Department of Physics, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

24. ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav), Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.

25. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

26. European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile.

27. Max-Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany.

28. University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

29. Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.

30. University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.

31. Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science & Technology II (CRESST II), NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.

Abstract

Binaries containing a compact object orbiting a supermassive black hole are thought to be precursors of gravitational wave events, but their identification has been extremely challenging. Here, we report quasi-periodic variability in x-ray absorption, which we interpret as quasi-periodic outflows (QPOuts) from a previously low-luminosity active galactic nucleus after an outburst, likely caused by a stellar tidal disruption. We rule out several models based on observed properties and instead show using general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations that QPOuts, separated by roughly 8.3 days, can be explained with an intermediate-mass black hole secondary on a mildly eccentric orbit at a mean distance of about 100 gravitational radii from the primary. Our work suggests that QPOuts could be a new way to identify intermediate/extreme-mass ratio binary candidates.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Link

https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.adj8898

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