1. State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
3. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China.
4. China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100012, China.
5. College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.