Dynamic structural evolution of iron catalysts involving competitive oxidation and carburization during CO 2 hydrogenation

Author:

Zhu Jie1ORCID,Wang Peng2,Zhang Xiaoben3ORCID,Zhang Guanghui1ORCID,Li Rongtan4ORCID,Li Wenhui1ORCID,Senftle Thomas P.2ORCID,Liu Wei3ORCID,Wang Jianyang1,Wang Yanli1,Zhang Anfeng1,Fu Qiang34ORCID,Song Chunshan15ORCID,Guo Xinwen1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.

3. Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.

4. State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.

5. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.

Abstract

Identifying the dynamic structure of heterogeneous catalysts is crucial for the rational design of new ones. In this contribution, the structural evolution of Fe(0) catalysts during CO 2 hydrogenation to hydrocarbons has been investigated by using several (quasi) in situ techniques. Upon initial reduction, Fe species are carburized to Fe 3 C and then to Fe 5 C 2 . The by-product of CO 2 hydrogenation, H 2 O, oxidizes the iron carbide to Fe 3 O 4 . The formation of Fe 3 O 4 @(Fe 5 C 2 +Fe 3 O 4 ) core-shell structure was observed at steady state, and the surface composition depends on the balance of oxidation and carburization, where water plays a key role in the oxidation. The performance of CO 2 hydrogenation was also correlated with the dynamic surface structure. Theoretical calculations and controll experiments reveal the interdependence between the phase transition and reactive environment. We also suggest a practical way to tune the competitive reactions to maintain an Fe 5 C 2 -rich surface for a desired C 2+ productivity.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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