Local contractions regulate E-cadherin rigidity sensing

Author:

Yang Yi-An1ORCID,Nguyen Emmanuelle1ORCID,Sankara Narayana Gautham Hari Narayana2ORCID,Heuzé Melina2ORCID,Fu Chaoyu1,Yu Hanry1345ORCID,Mège René-Marc2ORCID,Ladoux Benoit12ORCID,Sheetz Michael P.167ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.

2. Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France.

3. Department of Physiology, Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117593, Singapore.

4. Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, A*STAR, Singapore 138669, Singapore.

5. CAMP, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore.

6. Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

7. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.

Abstract

E-cadherin is a major cell-cell adhesion molecule involved in mechanotransduction at cell-cell contacts in tissues. Because epithelial cells respond to rigidity and tension in tissue through E-cadherin, there must be active processes that test and respond to the mechanical properties of these adhesive contacts. Using submicrometer, E-cadherin–coated polydimethylsiloxane pillars, we find that cells generate local contractions between E-cadherin adhesions and pull to a constant distance for a constant duration, irrespective of pillar rigidity. These cadherin contractions require nonmuscle myosin IIB, tropomyosin 2.1, α-catenin, and binding of vinculin to α-catenin. Cells spread to different areas on soft and rigid surfaces with contractions, but spread equally on soft and rigid without. We further observe that cadherin contractions enable cells to test myosin IIA–mediated tension of neighboring cells and sort out myosin IIA–depleted cells. Thus, we suggest that epithelial cells test and respond to the mechanical characteristics of neighboring cells through cadherin contractions.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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