Edge modification facilitated heterogenization and exfoliation of two-dimensional nanomaterials for cancer catalytic therapy

Abstract

The rapid recombination of electron-hole pairs and limited substrates are the most critical factors astricting the effect of catalytic therapy. Thus, two-dimensional interplanar heterojunction (BiOCl/Bi 2 O 3 ) that prolongs the lifetime of excited electrons and holes and extends the selectivity of substrates under ultrasound irradiation is prepared to facilitate high-performance cancer therapy. An edge modification displacing marginal BiOCl to Bi 2 O 3 is proposed to construct the interplanar heterojunction, promoting ultrathin nanosheets exfoliation due to the enhanced edge affinity with H 2 O. The spontaneously aligning Fermi levels mediate a built-in electric field–guided Z-scheme interplanar heterojunction, retard electron-hole pairs recombination, and improve redox potentials. Hence, these high-powered electrons and holes are capable of catalyzing diverse and stable substrates, such as the reduction reactions, O 2 → ·O 2 − and CO 2 → CO, and oxidation reactions, GSH → GSSG and H 2 O → ·OH. The Z-scheme interplanar heterojunction with the extending substrates selectivity completely breaks the tumor microenvironment limitation, exhibiting high anticancer activity.