COVID-19 point-of-care tests can identify low-antibody individuals: In-depth immunoanalysis of boosting benefits in a healthy cohort-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

COVID-19 point-of-care tests can identify low-antibody individuals: In-depth immunoanalysis of boosting benefits in a healthy cohort

Published:2024-06-14 Issue:24 Volume:10 Page:
ISSN:2375-2548
Container-title:Science Advances
language:en
Short-container-title:Sci. Adv.

Author:

Mallory Michael¹²^ORCID,Munt Jennifer E.¹²^ORCID,Narowski Tara M.¹,Castillo Izabella¹^ORCID,Cuadra Edwing¹,Pisanic Nora³^ORCID,Fields Paul⁴^ORCID,Powers John M.¹²^ORCID,Dickson Alexandria⁵^ORCID,Harris Rohan⁶,Wargowsky Richard⁷^ORCID,Moran Seamus⁶,Allabban Ahmed⁶^ORCID,Raphel Kristin⁶^ORCID,McCaffrey Timothy A.⁷^ORCID,Brien James D.⁵^ORCID,Heaney Christopher D.³⁸^ORCID,Lafleur John E.⁶^ORCID,Baric Ralph S.¹²^ORCID,Premkumar Lakshmanane¹^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

2. Department of Epidemiology, UNC Chapel Hill School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

3. Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

4. Adaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA, USA.

5. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA.

6. Department Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.

7. Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.

8. Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Abstract

The recommended COVID-19 booster vaccine uptake is low. At-home lateral flow assay (LFA) antigen tests are widely accepted for detecting infection during the pandemic. Here, we present the feasibility and potential benefits of using LFA-based antibody tests as a means for individuals to detect inadequate immunity and make informed decisions about COVID-19 booster immunization. In a health care provider cohort, we investigated the changes in the breadth and depth of humoral and T cell immune responses following mRNA vaccination and boosting in LFA-positive and LFA-negative antibody groups. We show that negative LFA antibody tests closely reflect the lack of functional humoral immunity observed in a battery of sophisticated immune assays, while positive results do not necessarily reflect adequate immunity. After booster vaccination, both groups gain depth and breadth of systemic antibodies against evolving SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses. Our findings show that LFA-based antibody tests can alert individuals about inadequate immunity against COVID-19, thereby increasing booster shots and promoting herd immunity.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Link

https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.adi1379

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