Twilight length alters growth and flowering time in Arabidopsis via LHY / CCA1

Author:

Mehta Devang123ORCID,Scandola Sabine3ORCID,Kennedy Curtis4ORCID,Lummer Christina3ORCID,Gallo Maria Camila Rodriguez3,Grubb Lauren E.3ORCID,Tan Maryalle3ORCID,Scarpella Enrico3ORCID,Uhrig R. Glen35ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.

2. Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.

3. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.

4. Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.

5. Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.

Abstract

Decades of research have uncovered how plants respond to two environmental variables that change across latitudes and over seasons: photoperiod and temperature. However, a third such variable, twilight length, has so far gone unstudied. Here, using controlled growth setups, we show that the duration of twilight affects growth and flowering time via the LHY/CCA1 clock genes in the model plant Arabidopsis. Using a series of progressively truncated no-twilight photoperiods, we also found that plants are more sensitive to twilight length compared to equivalent changes in solely photoperiods. Transcriptome and proteome analyses showed that twilight length affects reactive oxygen species metabolism, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism. Genetic analyses suggested a twilight sensing pathway from the photoreceptors PHY E , PHY B , PHY D , and CRY2 through LHY/CCA1 to flowering modulation through the GI-FT pathway. Overall, our findings call for more nuanced models of day-length perception in plants and posit that twilight is an important determinant of plant growth and development.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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