1. U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park, HI 96718, USA.
2. Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i, Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
3. Hawai‘i Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Hanapepe, HI 96716, USA.
4. Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
5. Hawai‘i Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
6. Pacific Rim Conservation, Honolulu, HI 96839, USA.