1. Environmental Studies Program, Colby College, Waterville Maine, ME 04901, USA.
2. Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
3. Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544, USA.
4. School of Biological Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
5. Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA.
6. Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.