Detection of 16 Gamma-Ray Pulsars Through Blind Frequency Searches Using the Fermi LAT-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Detection of 16 Gamma-Ray Pulsars Through Blind Frequency Searches Using the Fermi LAT

Published:2009-08-14 Issue:5942 Volume:325 Page:840-844
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Abdo A. A.¹,Ackermann M.²,Ajello M.²,Anderson B.³,Atwood W. B.³,Axelsson M.⁴⁵,Baldini L.⁶,Ballet J.⁷,Barbiellini G.⁸⁹,Baring M. G.¹⁰,Bastieri D.¹¹¹²,Baughman B. M.¹³,Bechtol K.²,Bellazzini R.⁶,Berenji B.²,Bignami G. F.¹⁴,Blandford R. D.²,Bloom E. D.²,Bonamente E.¹⁵¹⁶,Borgland A. W.²,Bregeon J.⁶,Brez A.⁶,Brigida M.¹⁷¹⁸,Bruel P.¹⁹,Burnett T. H.²⁰,Caliandro G. A.¹⁷¹⁸,Cameron R. A.²,Caraveo P. A.²¹,Casandjian J. M.⁷,Cecchi C.¹⁵¹⁶,Çelik Ö.²²,Chekhtman A.¹²³,Cheung C. C.²²,Chiang J.²,Ciprini S.¹⁵¹⁶,Claus R.²,Cohen-Tanugi J.²⁴,Conrad J.⁴²⁵²⁶,Cutini S.²⁷,Dermer C. D.¹,de Angelis A.²⁸,de Luca A.¹⁴,de Palma F.¹⁷¹⁸,Digel S. W.²,Dormody M.³,do Couto e Silva E.²,Drell P. S.²,Dubois R.²,Dumora D.²⁹³⁰,Farnier C.²⁴,Favuzzi C.¹⁷¹⁸,Fegan S. J.¹⁹,Fukazawa Y.³¹,Funk S.²,Fusco P.¹⁷¹⁸,Gargano F.¹⁸,Gasparrini D.²⁷,Gehrels N.²²³²,Germani S.¹⁵¹⁶,Giebels B.¹⁹,Giglietto N.¹⁷¹⁸,Giommi P.²⁷,Giordano F.¹⁷¹⁸,Glanzman T.²,Godfrey G.²,Grenier I. A.⁷,Grondin M.-H.²⁹³⁰,Grove J. E.¹,Guillemot L.²⁹³⁰,Guiriec S.³³,Gwon C.¹,Hanabata Y.³¹,Harding A. K.²²,Hayashida M.²,Hays E.²²,Hughes R. E.¹³,Jóhannesson G.²,Johnson R. P.³,Johnson T. J.²²³²,Johnson W. N.¹,Kamae T.²,Katagiri H.³¹,Kataoka J.³⁴,Kawai N.³⁵³⁶,Kerr M.²⁰,Knödlseder J.³⁷,Kocian M. L.²,Kuss M.⁶,Lande J.²,Latronico L.⁶,Lemoine-Goumard M.²⁹³⁰,Longo F.⁸⁹,Loparco F.¹⁷¹⁸,Lott B.²⁹³⁰,Lovellette M. N.¹,Lubrano P.¹⁵¹⁶,Madejski G. M.²,Makeev A.¹²³,Marelli M.²¹,Mazziotta M. N.¹⁸,McConville W.²²³²,McEnery J. E.²²,Meurer C.⁴²⁶,Michelson P. F.²,Mitthumsiri W.²,Mizuno T.³¹,Monte C.¹⁷¹⁸,Monzani M. E.²,Morselli A.³⁸,Moskalenko I. V.²,Murgia S.²,Nolan P. L.²,Norris J. P.³⁹,Nuss E.²⁴,Ohsugi T.³¹,Omodei N.⁶,Orlando E.⁴⁰,Ormes J. F.³⁹,Paneque D.²,Parent D.²⁹³⁰,Pelassa V.²⁴,Pepe M.¹⁵¹⁶,Pesce-Rollins M.⁶,Pierbattista M.⁷,Piron F.²⁴,Porter T. A.³,Primack J. R.³,Rainò S.¹⁷¹⁸,Rando R.¹¹¹²,Ray P. S.¹,Razzano M.⁶,Rea N.⁴¹⁴²,Reimer A.²,Reimer O.²,Reposeur T.²⁹³⁰,Ritz S.²²,Rochester L. S.²,Rodriguez A. Y.⁴²,Romani R. W.²,Ryde F.⁴²⁵,Sadrozinski H. F.-W.³,Sanchez D.¹⁹,Sander A.¹³,Parkinson P. M. Saz³,Scargle J. D.⁴³,Sgrò C.⁶,Siskind E. J.⁴⁴,Smith D. A.²⁹³⁰,Smith P. D.¹³,Spandre G.⁶,Spinelli P.¹⁷¹⁸,Starck J.-L.⁷,Strickman M. S.¹,Suson D. J.⁴⁵,Tajima H.²,Takahashi H.³¹,Takahashi T.⁴⁶,Tanaka T.²,Thayer J. G.²,Thompson D. J.²²,Tibaldo L.¹¹¹²,Tibolla O.⁴⁷,Torres D. F.⁴²⁴⁸,Tosti G.¹⁵¹⁶,Tramacere A.²⁴⁹,Uchiyama Y.²,Usher T. L.²,Van Etten A.²,Vasileiou V.⁵⁰⁵¹,Vilchez N.³⁷,Vitale V.³⁸⁵²,Waite A. P.²,Wang P.²,Watters K.²,Winer B. L.¹³,Wolff M. T.¹,Wood K. S.¹,Ylinen T.⁴²⁵⁵³,Ziegler M.³

Affiliation:

1. Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA.

2. W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

3. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.

4. Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.

5. Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.

6. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.

7. Laboratoire AIM, CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d’Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

8. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.

9. Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.

10. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA.

11. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.

12. Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Galilei,” Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.

13. Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

14. Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.

15. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.

16. Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.

17. Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.

18. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy.

19. Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France.

20. Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

21. INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, I-20133 Milano, Italy.

22. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.

23. George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.

24. Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France.

25. Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.

26. Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.

27. Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy.

28. Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.

29. CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France.

30. Université de Bordeaux, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France.

31. Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.

32. University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

33. University of Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.

34. Waseda University, 1-104 Totsukamachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8050, Japan.

35. Cosmic Radiation Laboratory, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

36. Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro City, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.

37. Centre d’Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, BP 44346, F-30128 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.

38. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata,” I-00133 Roma, Italy.

39. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.

40. Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, 85748 Garching, Germany.

41. Sterrenkundig Institut “Anton Pannekoek,” 1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.

42. Institut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEEC-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.

43. Space Sciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

44. NYCB Real-Time Computing Inc., Lattingtown, NY 11560, USA.

45. Department of Chemistry and Physics, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN 46323, USA.

46. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, JAXA, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8510, Japan.

47. Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.

48. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.

49. Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale, I-10133 Torino, Italy.

50. Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.

51. University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.

52. Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata,” I-00133 Roma, Italy.

53. School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden.

Abstract

Gamma-Ray Pulsar Bonanza Most of the pulsars we know about were detected through their radio emission; a few are known to pulse gamma rays but were first detected at other wavelengths (see the Perspective by

Halpern

). Using the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope, Abdo et al. (p. 840 , published online 2 July; see the cover) report the detection of 16 previously unknown pulsars based on their gamma-ray emission alone. Thirteen of these coincide with previously unidentified gamma-ray sources, solving the 30-year-old mystery of their identities. Pulsars are fast-rotating neutron stars. With time they slow down and cease to radiate; however, if they are in a binary system, they can have their spin rates increased by mass transfer from their companion stars, starting a new life as millisecond pulsars. In another study, Abdo et al. (p. 845 ) report the detection of gamma-ray emission from the globular cluster 47 Tucanae, which is coming from an ensemble of millisecond pulsars in the cluster's core. The data imply that there are up to 60 millisecond pulsars in 47 Tucanae, twice as many as predicted by radio observations. In a further companion study, Abdo et al. (p. 848 , published online 2 July) searched Fermi Large Area Telescope data for pulsations from all known millisecond pulsars outside of stellar clusters, finding gamma-ray pulsations for eight of them. Their properties resemble those of other gamma-ray pulsars, suggesting that they share the same basic emission mechanism. Indeed, both sets of pulsars favor emission models in which the gamma rays are produced in the outer magnetosphere of the neutron star.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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