Mutations in a Human ROBO Gene Disrupt Hindbrain Axon Pathway Crossing and Morphogenesis

Author:

Jen Joanna C.12345,Chan Wai-Man12345,Bosley Thomas M.12345,Wan Jijun12345,Carr Janai R.12345,Rüb Udo12345,Shattuck David12345,Salamon Georges12345,Kudo Lili C.12345,Ou Jing12345,Lin Doris D. M.12345,Salih Mustafa A. M.12345,Kansu Tülay12345,al Dhalaan Hesham12345,al Zayed Zayed12345,MacDonald David B.12345,Stigsby Bent12345,Plaitakis Andreas12345,Dretakis Emmanuel K.12345,Gottlob Irene12345,Pieh Christina12345,Traboulsi Elias I.12345,Wang Qing12345,Wang Lejin12345,Andrews Caroline12345,Yamada Koki12345,Demer Joseph L.12345,Karim Shaheen12345,Alger Jeffry R.12345,Geschwind Daniel H.12345,Deller Thomas12345,Sicotte Nancy L.12345,Nelson Stanley F.12345,Baloh Robert W.12345,Engle Elizabeth C.12345

Affiliation:

1. Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

2. Department of Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

3. Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

4. Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

5. Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Abstract

The mechanisms controlling axon guidance are of fundamental importance in understanding brain development. Growing corticospinal and somatosensory axons cross the midline in the medulla to reach their targets and thus form the basis of contralateral motor control and sensory input. The motor and sensory projections appeared uncrossed in patients with horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS). In patients affected with HGPPS, we identified mutations in the ROBO3 gene, which shares homology with roundabout genes important in axon guidance in developing Drosophila , zebrafish, and mouse. Like its murine homolog Rig1/Robo3, but unlike other Robo proteins, ROBO3 is required for hindbrain axon midline crossing.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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