Spectroscopic Limits on the Distance and Energy Release of GRB 990123-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Spectroscopic Limits on the Distance and Energy Release of GRB 990123

Published:1999-03-26 Issue:5410 Volume:283 Page:2075-2077
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Andersen Michael I.¹,Castro-Tirado Alberto J.²³,Hjorth Jens⁴,Møller Palle⁵,Pedersen Holger⁴,Caon Nicola⁶,Cairós Luz Marina⁶,Korhonen Heidi¹⁷,Osorio Marı́a Rosa Zapatero⁶,Pérez Enrique³,Frontera Filippo⁸

Affiliation:

1. Nordic Optical Telescope, Apartado 474 St. Cruz de La Palma, E-38700 Canarias, Spain.

2. Laboratorio de Astrofı́sica Espacial y Fı́sica Fundamental, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Post Office Box 50727, E-28080 Madrid, Spain.

3. Instituto de Astrofı́sica de Andalucı́a, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas, Post Office Box 03004, E-18080 Granada, Spain.

4. Astronomical Observatory, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.

5. European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany.

6. Instituto de Astrofı́sica de Canarias, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.

7. Astronomy Division, University of Oulu, Post Office Box 3000, FIN-90401 Oulu, Finland.

8. Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Ferara, Ferara, Italy.

Abstract

An optical spectrum of the afterglow from the unusually bright gamma-ray burst GRB 990123 obtained on 24.25 January 1999 universal time showed an absorption system at a redshift of z = 1.600. The absence of a hydrogen Lyman α forest sets an upper limit of z < 2.17, whereas ultraviolet photometry indicates an upper limit of z < 2.05. The probability of intersecting an absorption system as strong as the one observed along a random line of sight out to this z is at most a few percent, implying that GRB 990123 was probably at z = 1.600. Currently favored cosmological parameters imply that an isotropic energy release equivalent to the rest mass of 1.8 neutron stars (4.5 × 10 54 erg) was emitted in gamma rays. Nonisotropic emission, such as intrinsic beaming, may resolve this energy problem.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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