Atomic View of a Toxic Amyloid Small Oligomer

Abstract

A Toxic Barrel Many studies have suggested that oligomers are an important toxic species in amyloid diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In an effort to better define these oligomers, Laganowsky et al. (p. 1228 ) identified a segment of the fibril-forming protein αB crystalline (ABC) that forms both amyloid fibrils and a relatively stable oligomer. ABC oligomers were toxic in a cell viability assay and were recognized by an amyloid-oligomer–specific antibody. A crystal structure of the oligomers showed that six peptides formed an antiparallel barrel termed a cylindrin. Amyloid oligomers are likely to be structurally polymorphic, but cylindrin-like assemblies offer a model for these elusive structures.