Design of Nonionic Surfactants for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Design of Nonionic Surfactants for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Published:1996-12-20 Issue:5295 Volume:274 Page:2049-2052
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

McClain J. B.¹,Betts D. E.¹,Canelas D. A.¹,Samulski E. T.¹,DeSimone J. M.¹,Londono J. D.²,Cochran H. D.²,Wignall G. D.²,Chillura-Martino D.³,Triolo R.³

Affiliation:

1. J. B. McClain, D. E. Betts, D. A. Canelas, E. T. Samulski, J. M. DeSimone, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, CB 3290, Venable and Kenan Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

2. J. D. Londono, H. D. Cochran, G. D. Wignall, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

3. D. Chillura-Martino and R. Triolo, Departimento di Chimica Fisica, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy.

Abstract

Interfacially active block copolymer amphiphiles have been synthesized and their self-assembly into micelles in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) has been demonstrated with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). These materials establish the design criteria for molecularly engineered surfactants that can stabilize and disperse otherwise insoluble matter into a CO 2 continuous phase. Polystyrene- b -poly(1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl acrylate) copolymers self-assembled into polydisperse core-shell-type micelles as a result of the disparate solubility characteristics of the different block segments in CO 2 . These nonionic surfactants for CO 2 were shown by SANS to be capable of emulsifying up to 20 percent by weight of a CO 2 -insoluble hydrocarbon into CO 2 . This result demonstrates the efficacy of surfactant-modified CO 2 in reducing the large volumes of organic and halogenated solvent waste streams released into our environment by solvent-intensive manufacturing and process industries.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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