Conservation and divergence of cortical cell organization in human and mouse revealed by MERFISH

Author:

Fang Rongxin1ORCID,Xia Chenglong1ORCID,Close Jennie L.2,Zhang Meng1ORCID,He Jiang1,Huang Zhengkai1ORCID,Halpern Aaron R.1ORCID,Long Brian2ORCID,Miller Jeremy A.2ORCID,Lein Ed S.2ORCID,Zhuang Xiaowei1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

2. Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.

Abstract

The human cerebral cortex has tremendous cellular diversity. How different cell types are organized in the human cortex and how cellular organization varies across species remain unclear. In this study, we performed spatially resolved single-cell profiling of 4000 genes using multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (MERFISH), identified more than 100 transcriptionally distinct cell populations, and generated a molecularly defined and spatially resolved cell atlas of the human middle and superior temporal gyrus. We further explored cell-cell interactions arising from soma contact or proximity in a cell type–specific manner. Comparison of the human and mouse cortices showed conservation in the laminar organization of cells and differences in somatic interactions across species. Our data revealed human-specific cell-cell proximity patterns and a markedly increased enrichment for interactions between neurons and non-neuronal cells in the human cortex.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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