Bright X-ray Flares in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Bright X-ray Flares in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows

Published:2005-09-16 Issue:5742 Volume:309 Page:1833-1835
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Burrows D. N.¹²³⁴⁵,Romano P.¹²³⁴⁵,Falcone A.¹²³⁴⁵,Kobayashi S.¹²³⁴⁵,Zhang B.¹²³⁴⁵,Moretti A.¹²³⁴⁵,O'Brien P. T.¹²³⁴⁵,Goad M. R.¹²³⁴⁵,Campana S.¹²³⁴⁵,Page K. L.¹²³⁴⁵,Angelini L.¹²³⁴⁵,Barthelmy S.¹²³⁴⁵,Beardmore A. P.¹²³⁴⁵,Capalbi M.¹²³⁴⁵,Chincarini G.¹²³⁴⁵,Cummings J.¹²³⁴⁵,Cusumano G.¹²³⁴⁵,Fox D.¹²³⁴⁵,Giommi P.¹²³⁴⁵,Hill J. E.¹²³⁴⁵,Kennea J. A.¹²³⁴⁵,Krimm H.¹²³⁴⁵,Mangano V.¹²³⁴⁵,Marshall F.¹²³⁴⁵,Mészáros P.¹²³⁴⁵,Morris D. C.¹²³⁴⁵,Nousek J. A.¹²³⁴⁵,Osborne J. P.¹²³⁴⁵,Pagani C.¹²³⁴⁵,Perri M.¹²³⁴⁵,Tagliaferri G.¹²³⁴⁵,Wells A. A.¹²³⁴⁵,Woosley S.¹²³⁴⁵,Gehrels N.¹²³⁴⁵

Affiliation:

1. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 525 Davey Lab, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

2. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)–Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Bianchi 46, 23807 Merate, Italy.

3. Center for Gravitational Wave Physics, 104 Davey Lab, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

4. Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Box 454002, Las Vegas, NV 89154–4002, USA.

5. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.

Abstract

Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows have provided important clues to the nature of these massive explosive events, providing direct information on the nearby environment and indirect information on the central engine that powers the burst. We report the discovery of two bright x-ray flares in GRB afterglows, including a giant flare comparable in total energy to the burst itself, each peaking minutes after the burst. These strong, rapid x-ray flares imply that the central engines of the bursts have long periods of activity, with strong internal shocks continuing for hundreds of seconds after the gamma-ray emission has ended.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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