Mass-Independent Isotope Effects in Planetary Atmospheres and the Early Solar System

Author:

Thiemens Mark H.1

Affiliation:

1. The author is at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093–0356, USA.

Abstract

A class of isotope effects that alters isotope ratios on a mass-independent basis provides a tool for studying a wide range of processes in atmospheres of Earth and other planets as well as early processes in the solar nebula. The mechanism for the effect remains uncertain. Mass-independent isotopic compositions have been observed in O 3 , CO 2 , N 2 O, and CO in Earth's atmosphere and in carbonate from a martian meteorite, which suggests a role for mass-independent processes in the atmosphere of Mars. Observed mass-independent meteoritic oxygen and sulfur isotopic compositions may derive from chemical processes in the presolar nebula, and their distributions could provide insight into early solar system evolution.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference112 articles.

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4. Isotope ratios are conventionally reported in the δ notation which for oxygen is δ 18 O (per mil) = (R 18 SA/R 18 STD − 1) × 1000 and δ 17 O (per mil) = (R 17 SA/R 17 STD − 1) × 1000. R 17 = 17 O/ 16 O R 18 = 18 O/ 16 O. For oxygen STD refers to standard mean ocean water as originally defined by Craig [

5. Isotopic standards for carbon and oxygen and correction factors for mass-spectrometric analysis of carbon dioxide

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