Vitamin D regulates microbiome-dependent cancer immunity

Author:

Giampazolias Evangelos12,Pereira da Costa Mariana1ORCID,Lam Khiem C.3ORCID,Lim Kok Haw Jonathan14ORCID,Cardoso Ana1ORCID,Piot Cécile1ORCID,Chakravarty Probir5ORCID,Blasche Sonja6ORCID,Patel Swara2ORCID,Biram Adi1ORCID,Castro-Dopico Tomas1ORCID,Buck Michael D.1ORCID,Rodrigues Richard R.78ORCID,Poulsen Gry Juul9ORCID,Palma-Duran Susana A.10ORCID,Rogers Neil C.1ORCID,Koufaki Maria A.11ORCID,Minutti Carlos M.1ORCID,Wang Pengbo2,Vdovin Alexander2ORCID,Frederico Bruno1ORCID,Childs Eleanor1ORCID,Lee Sonia1ORCID,Simpson Ben12,Iseppon Andrea13ORCID,Omenetti Sara13ORCID,Kelly Gavin5ORCID,Goldstone Robert5,Nye Emma14ORCID,Suárez-Bonnet Alejandro1415ORCID,Priestnall Simon L.1415ORCID,MacRae James I.10ORCID,Zelenay Santiago11ORCID,Patil Kiran Raosaheb6ORCID,Litchfield Kevin12,Lee James C.1617ORCID,Jess Tine9,Goldszmid Romina S.3ORCID,Reis e Sousa Caetano1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.

2. Cancer Immunosurveillance Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, UK.

3. Inflammatory Cell Dynamics Section, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology (LICI), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

4. Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.

5. Bioinformatics and Biostatistics STP, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.

6. MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK.

7. Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.

8. Microbiome and Genetics Core, LICI, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

9. National Center of Excellence for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, PREDICT, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, A DK-2450 Copenhagen, Denmark.

10. Metabolomics STP, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.

11. Cancer Inflammation and Immunity Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, UK.

12. Tumor Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance (TIGI) Lab, UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK.

13. AhRimmunity Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.

14. Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.

15. Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mimms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.

16. Genetic Mechanisms of Disease Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.

17. Institute of Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK.

Abstract

A role for vitamin D in immune modulation and in cancer has been suggested. In this work, we report that mice with increased availability of vitamin D display greater immune-dependent resistance to transplantable cancers and augmented responses to checkpoint blockade immunotherapies. Similarly, in humans, vitamin D–induced genes correlate with improved responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment as well as with immunity to cancer and increased overall survival. In mice, resistance is attributable to the activity of vitamin D on intestinal epithelial cells, which alters microbiome composition in favor of Bacteroides fragilis , which positively regulates cancer immunity. Our findings indicate a previously unappreciated connection between vitamin D, microbial commensal communities, and immune responses to cancer. Collectively, they highlight vitamin D levels as a potential determinant of cancer immunity and immunotherapy success.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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