Codiversification of gut microbiota with humans

Author:

Suzuki Taichi A.1ORCID,Fitzstevens J. Liam1ORCID,Schmidt Victor T.1ORCID,Enav Hagay1ORCID,Huus Kelsey E.1ORCID,Mbong Ngwese Mirabeau1ORCID,Grießhammer Anne2ORCID,Pfleiderer Anne3ORCID,Adegbite Bayode R.34ORCID,Zinsou Jeannot F.34ORCID,Esen Meral356ORCID,Velavan Thirumalaisamy P.37ORCID,Adegnika Ayola A.3458ORCID,Song Le Huu79ORCID,Spector Timothy D.10ORCID,Muehlbauer Amanda L.11ORCID,Marchi Nina12ORCID,Kang Hyena13ORCID,Maier Lisa26ORCID,Blekhman Ran14ORCID,Ségurel Laure1215ORCID,Ko GwangPyo13ORCID,Youngblut Nicholas D.1ORCID,Kremsner Peter3456ORCID,Ley Ruth E.16ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiome Science, Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tübingen, Germany.

2. Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

3. Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

4. Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon.

5. German Center for Infection Research, Tübingen, Germany.

6. Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

7. Vietnamese German Center for Medical Research, Hanoi, Vietnam.

8. Fondation pour la Recherche Scientifique, Cotonou, Bénin.

9. 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.

10. Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK.

11. Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

12. Eco-anthropologie, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France.

13. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

14. Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

15. Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.

Abstract

The gut microbiomes of human populations worldwide have many core microbial species in common. However, within a species, some strains can show remarkable population specificity. The question is whether such specificity arises from a shared evolutionary history (codiversification) between humans and their microbes. To test for codiversification of host and microbiota, we analyzed paired gut metagenomes and human genomes for 1225 individuals in Europe, Asia, and Africa, including mothers and their children. Between and within countries, a parallel evolutionary history was evident for humans and their gut microbes. Moreover, species displaying the strongest codiversification independently evolved traits characteristic of host dependency, including reduced genomes and oxygen and temperature sensitivity. These findings all point to the importance of understanding the potential role of population-specific microbial strains in microbiome-mediated disease phenotypes.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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