1. Program in Public Health and School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
2. Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Department of Economics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
4. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.