Mapping the Epigenetic Basis of Complex Traits

Author:

Cortijo Sandra1,Wardenaar René2,Colomé-Tatché Maria2,Gilly Arthur3,Etcheverry Mathilde1,Labadie Karine3,Caillieux Erwann1,Hospital Fréderic4,Aury Jean-Marc3,Wincker Patrick356,Roudier François1,Jansen Ritsert C.2,Colot Vincent1,Johannes Frank2

Affiliation:

1. Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8197, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1024, Paris F-75005, France.

2. Groningen Bioinformatics Centre, GBB, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.

3. Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, 2 Rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.

4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR 1313, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France.

5. CNRS, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France.

6. Université d’Evry, CP5706, Evry, France.

Abstract

Quantifying the impact of heritable epigenetic variation on complex traits is an emerging challenge in population genetics. Here, we analyze a population of isogenic Arabidopsis lines that segregate experimentally induced DNA methylation changes at hundreds of regions across the genome. We demonstrate that several of these differentially methylated regions (DMRs) act as bona fide epigenetic quantitative trait loci (QTL epi ), accounting for 60 to 90% of the heritability for two complex traits, flowering time and primary root length. These QTL epi are reproducible and can be subjected to artificial selection. Many of the experimentally induced DMRs are also variable in natural populations of this species and may thus provide an epigenetic basis for Darwinian evolution independently of DNA sequence changes.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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