Targeted Therapy Resistance Mediated by Dynamic Regulation of Extrachromosomal Mutant EGFR DNA

Author:

Nathanson David A.1,Gini Beatrice2,Mottahedeh Jack3,Visnyei Koppany3,Koga Tomoyuki2,Gomez German2,Eskin Ascia4,Hwang Kiwook56,Wang Jun56,Masui Kenta2,Paucar Andres13,Yang Huijun2,Ohashi Minori1,Zhu Shaojun2,Wykosky Jill2,Reed Rachel2,Nelson Stanley F.4,Cloughesy Timothy F.78,James C. David9,Rao P. Nagesh10,Kornblum Harley I.137,Heath James R.56,Cavenee Webster K.211,Furnari Frank B.211,Mischel Paul S.211

Affiliation:

1. Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

2. Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

3. Neuropsychiatric Institute–Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

4. Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

5. NanoSystems Biology Cancer Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.

6. Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA 91030, USA.

7. Henry Singleton Brain Tumor Program and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

8. Department of Neurology, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

9. University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

10. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

11. UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Abstract

Playing Hide and Seek Targeted cancer therapies have shown promising results in patients, but few of these drugs provide long-term benefits because tumor cells rapidly develop drug resistance. Nathanson et al. (p. 72 , published online 5 December) show that glioblastoma cells can become resistant to erlotinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–targeted drug, by eliminating extrachromosomal copies of the mutant EGFR gene. After a period of drug withdrawal, the mutant EGFR gene reappears on extrachromosomal DNA and the tumor cells become resensitized. The discovery that cancer cells can evade drug therapy by this “hide and seek” mechanism may help to optimize the dosing schedule of erlotinib in glioblastoma patients.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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