A Sperm Cytoskeletal Protein That Signals Oocyte Meiotic Maturation and Ovulation

Author:

Miller Michael A.1,Nguyen Viet Q.2,Lee Min-Ho3,Kosinski Mary1,Schedl Tim3,Caprioli Richard M.2,Greenstein David1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Cell Biology,

2. Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

3. Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Abstract

Caenorhabditis elegans oocytes, like those of most animals, arrest during meiotic prophase. Sperm promote the resumption of meiosis (maturation) and contraction of smooth muscle–like gonadal sheath cells, which are required for ovulation. We show that the major sperm cytoskeletal protein (MSP) is a bipartite signal for oocyte maturation and sheath contraction. MSP also functions in sperm locomotion, playing a role analogous to actin. Thus, during evolution, MSP has acquired extracellular signaling and intracellular cytoskeletal functions for reproduction. Proteins with MSP-like domains are found in plants, fungi, and other animals, suggesting that related signaling functions may exist in other phyla.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference33 articles.

1. On the Control of Oocyte Meiotic Maturation and Ovulation inCaenorhabditis elegans

2. To prepare SCM purified sperm (23) were incubated in M9 buffer (∼5 × 10 7 sperm per milliliter) for 1 to 16 hours at 20°C. Sperm were removed by centrifugation and filtration through a 0.22-μm cellulose acetate filter. After microinjection (∼50 pl) oocyte maturation and sheath cell contraction rates were monitored by time-lapse video microscopy (1) for 70 min.

3. fog-2, a germ-line-specific sex determination gene required for hermaphrodite spermatogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans.

4. Web movies 1 through 4 and Web fig. 1 are available at Science Online at www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/291/5511/2144/DC1.

5. SCM or sperm lysates prepared by vortexing with glass beads were fractionated on C 4 and C 18 columns (Vydac Hesperia CA) using an acetonitrile gradient (0 to 100%) mobile phase containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid. Absorbance peaks (214 nm) were collected manually dialyzed against M9 and bioassayed.

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