1. I. This article is the culmination of investigations made by the author at the behest of the Committee on Opportunities in Science which initiated the AAAS resolution on Native American Contributions to Science Engineering and Medicine. The author is indebted for advice and assistance to Margaret Mead William Sturtevant Alfonso Ortiz and Michael Dorris.
2. P. H. Raven B. Berlin D. E. Breedlove Principles of Tzeltal Plant Classification (Academic Press New York 1974).
3. R. E. Schultes and A. Hofman The Botany and Chemistry of Hallucinogens (Thomas Springfield Ill. 1973).
4. A. Weil personal communication.
5. G. Beadle personal communication. See also J. H. Kempton "Maize our heritage from the Indian " in Smithsonian Institution Annual Report 1937 (Government Printing Office Washington D.C. 1938).