1. Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA.
4. Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
5. Materials Science, MilliporeSigma, Milwaukee, WI 53209, USA.
6. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
7. Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
8. Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
9. Center for Self-Powered Actuation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea.