Ancient human parallel lineages within North America contributed to a coastal expansion

Author:

Scheib C. L.12ORCID,Li Hongjie3,Desai Tariq4ORCID,Link Vivian5,Kendall Christopher6ORCID,Dewar Genevieve6ORCID,Griffith Peter William1ORCID,Mörseburg Alexander1,Johnson John R.7ORCID,Potter Amiee89,Kerr Susan L.10,Endicott Phillip11ORCID,Lindo John12,Haber Marc13ORCID,Xue Yali13,Tyler-Smith Chris13ORCID,Sandhu Manjinder S.13,Lorenz Joseph G.14,Randall Tori D.15,Faltyskova Zuzana1,Pagani Luca216ORCID,Danecek Petr13ORCID,O’Connell Tamsin C.1ORCID,Martz Patricia17,Boraas Alan S.18,Byrd Brian F.19ORCID,Leventhal Alan2021ORCID,Cambra Rosemary20ORCID,Williamson Ronald22ORCID,Lesage Louis23,Holguin Brian24ORCID,Ygnacio-De Soto Ernestine25,Rosas JohnTommy26,Metspalu Mait2ORCID,Stock Jay T.127ORCID,Manica Andrea28ORCID,Scally Aylwyn4ORCID,Wegmann Daniel5ORCID,Malhi Ripan S.3ORCID,Kivisild Toomas12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK.

2. Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.

3. Department of Anthropology and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

4. Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK.

5. Department of Biology, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.

6. Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S2, Canada.

7. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA.

8. Department of Anthropology, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97232, USA.

9. Knight Diagnostics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.

10. Department of Anthropology, Modesto Junior College, Modesto, CA 95350, USA.

11. Department Hommes Natures Societies, Musée de l’Homme, Paris 75016, France.

12. Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

13. Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.

14. Department of Anthropology and Museum Studies, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA 98926, USA.

15. Department of Anthropology, San Diego City College, San Diego, CA 92101, USA.

16. APE Lab, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

17. Department of Anthropology, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.

18. Kenai Peninsula College, Soldotna, AK 99669, USA.

19. Far Western Anthropological Research Group Inc., Davis, CA 95618, USA.

20. Muwekma Ohlone Tribe of the San Francisco Bay Area, P.O. Box 360791, Milpitas, CA 95036, USA.

21. Department of Anthropology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA.

22. Archaeological Services Inc., Toronto, Canada.

23. Huron-Wendat Nation, Canada.

24. Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

25. Barbareño Chumash, California Indian Advisory Committee, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA.

26. Tongva Nation, CA, USA.

27. Department of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada.

28. Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.

Abstract

Founder effects in modern populations The genomes of ancient humans can reveal patterns of early human migration (see the Perspective by Achilli et al. ). Iceland has a genetically distinct population, despite relatively recent settlement (∼1100 years ago). Ebenesersdóttir et al. examined the genomes of ancient Icelandic people, dating to near the colonization of Iceland, and compared them with modernday Icelandic populations. The ancient DNA revealed that the founders had Gaelic and Norse origins. Genetic drift since the initial settlement has left modern Icelanders with allele frequencies that are distinctive, although still skewed toward those of their Norse founders. Scheib et al. sequenced ancient genomes from the Channel Islands of California, USA, and Ontario, Canada. The ancient Ontario population was similar to other ancient North Americans, as well as to modern Algonquian-speaking Native Americans. In contrast, the California individuals were more like groups that now live in Mexico and South America. It appears that a genetic split and population isolation likely occurred during the Ice Age, but the peoples remixed at a later date. Science , this issue p. 1028 , p. 1024 ; see also p. 964

Funder

National Science Foundation

Wellcome Trust

Economic and Social Research Council

Natural Environment Research Council

European Research Council

European Regional Development Fund

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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