A cosmic stream of atomic carbon gas connected to a massive radio galaxy at redshift 3.8

Author:

Emonts Bjorn H. C.1ORCID,Lehnert Matthew D.23ORCID,Yoon Ilsang1ORCID,Mandelker Nir4567ORCID,Villar-Martín Montserrat8ORCID,Miley George K.9ORCID,De Breuck Carlos10ORCID,Pérez-Torres Miguel A.111213ORCID,Hatch Nina A.14ORCID,Guillard Pierre315ORCID

Affiliation:

1. National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.

2. Université Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5574, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, F-69230 Saint-Genis-Laval, France.

3. Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 75014 Paris, France.

4. Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.

5. Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

6. Department of Astronomy, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.

7. Heidelberger Institut für Theoretische Studien, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany.

8. Centro de Astrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain.

9. Sterrewacht, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.

10. European Southern Observatory, 85748 Garching, Germany.

11. Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-18008 Granada, Spain.

12. Departamento de Física Teórica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50019 Zaragoza, Spain.

13. School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Engomi, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus.

14. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.

15. Institut Universitaire de France, Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, 75231 Paris, France.

Abstract

The growth of galaxies in the early Universe is driven by accretion of circum- and intergalactic gas. Simulations have predicted that steady streams of cold gas penetrate the dark matter halos of galaxies and provide the raw material necessary to sustain star formation. We report a filamentary stream of gas that extends for 100 kiloparsecs and connects to the massive radio galaxy 4C 41.17. We detected the stream using submillimeter observations of the 3 P 1 to 3 P 0 emission from the [C i ] line of atomic carbon, a tracer of neutral atomic or molecular hydrogen gas. The galaxy contains a central gas reservoir that is fueling a vigorous starburst. Our results show that the raw material for star formation can be present in cosmic streams outside galaxies.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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