Signatures of Adaptation to Obligate Biotrophy in the Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis Genome

Author:

Baxter Laura1,Tripathy Sucheta2,Ishaque Naveed3,Boot Nico4,Cabral Adriana4,Kemen Eric3,Thines Marco356,Ah-Fong Audrey7,Anderson Ryan8,Badejoko Wole1,Bittner-Eddy Peter1,Boore Jeffrey L.9,Chibucos Marcus C.2,Coates Mary1,Dehal Paramvir10,Delehaunty Kim11,Dong Suomeng1213,Downton Polly1,Dumas Bernard1415,Fabro Georgina3,Fronick Catrina11,Fuerstenberg Susan I.9,Fulton Lucinda11,Gaulin Elodie1415,Govers Francine16,Hughes Linda1,Humphray Sean17,Jiang Rays H. Y.1618,Judelson Howard7,Kamoun Sophien3,Kyung Kim11,Meijer Harold16,Minx Patrick11,Morris Paul19,Nelson Joanne11,Phuntumart Vipa19,Qutob Dinah12,Rehmany Anne1,Rougon-Cardoso Alejandra3,Ryden Peter1,Torto-Alalibo Trudy2,Studholme David3,Wang Yuanchao13,Win Joe3,Wood Jo17,Clifton Sandra W.11,Rogers Jane17,Van den Ackerveken Guido4,Jones Jonathan D. G.3,McDowell John M.8,Beynon Jim1,Tyler Brett M.28

Affiliation:

1. School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK.

2. Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.

3. Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.

4. Plant‑Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, Netherlands.

5. Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.

6. Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.

7. Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

8. Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.

9. Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA.

10. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

11. Genome Sequencing Centre, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

12. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada.

13. Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.

14. Université de Toulouse, UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.

15. CNRS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.

16. Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, NL-1-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.

17. Sanger, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.

18. The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02141–2023, USA.

19. Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403–0212, USA.

Abstract

From Blight to Powdery Mildew Pathogenic effects of microbes on plants have widespread consequences. Witness, for example, the cultural upheavals driven by potato blight in the 1800s. A variety of microbial pathogens continue to afflict crop plants today, driving both loss of yield and incurring the increased costs of control mechanisms. Now, four reports analyze microbial genomes in order to understand better how plant pathogens function (see the Perspective by Dodds ). Raffaele et al. (p. 1540 ) describe how the genome of the potato blight pathogen accommodates transfer to different hosts. Spanu et al. (p. 1543 ) analyze what it takes to be an obligate biotroph in barley powdery mildew, and Baxter et al. (p. 1549 ) ask a similar question for a natural pathogen of Arabidopsis . Schirawski et al. (p. 1546 ) compared genomes of maize pathogens to identify virulence determinants. Better knowledge of what in a genome makes a pathogen efficient and deadly is likely to be useful for improving agricultural crop management and breeding.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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