Diversity and ecological footprint of Global Ocean RNA viruses

Author:

Dominguez-Huerta Guillermo123ORCID,Zayed Ahmed A.123ORCID,Wainaina James M.13ORCID,Guo Jiarong123ORCID,Tian Funing13ORCID,Pratama Akbar Adjie12ORCID,Bolduc Benjamin123ORCID,Mohssen Mohamed134ORCID,Zablocki Olivier123ORCID,Pelletier Eric56ORCID,Delage Erwan67ORCID,Alberti Adriana56ORCID,Aury Jean-Marc5ORCID,Carradec Quentin56ORCID,da Silva Corinne5ORCID,Labadie Karine56ORCID,Poulain Julie56ORCID,Bowler Chris68ORCID,Eveillard Damien67ORCID,Guidi Lionel69ORCID,Karsenti Eric6810,Kuhn Jens H.11ORCID,Ogata Hiroyuki12ORCID,Wincker Patrick56,Culley Alexander13ORCID,Chaffron Samuel67ORCID,Sullivan Matthew B.123414ORCID,

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

2. EMERGE Biology Integration Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

3. Center of Microbiome Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

4. The Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

5. Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Evry, France.

6. Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France.

7. Nantes Université, École Centrale Nantes, CNRS, LS2N, UMR 6004, F-44000 Nantes, France.

8. Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France.

9. Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefanche, LOV, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France.

10. Directors’ Research European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.

11. Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

12. Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.

13. Département de Biochimie, Microbiologie et Bio-informatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.

14. Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

Abstract

DNA viruses are increasingly recognized as influencing marine microbes and microbe-mediated biogeochemical cycling. However, little is known about global marine RNA virus diversity, ecology, and ecosystem roles. In this study, we uncover patterns and predictors of marine RNA virus community- and “species”-level diversity and contextualize their ecological impacts from pole to pole. Our analyses revealed four ecological zones, latitudinal and depth diversity patterns, and environmental correlates for RNA viruses. Our findings only partially parallel those of cosampled plankton and show unexpectedly high polar ecological interactions. The influence of RNA viruses on ecosystems appears to be large, as predicted hosts are ecologically important. Moreover, the occurrence of auxiliary metabolic genes indicates that RNA viruses cause reprogramming of diverse host metabolisms, including photosynthesis and carbon cycling, and that RNA virus abundances predict ocean carbon export.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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